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Research, projects, studies, and surveys

Internet voting

Summary

We are preparing an Internet voting pilot project for the 2025 general municipal general elections. This voting option will be offered in certain districts or boroughs of 21 municipalities in Québec.

In this section

We are looking into Internet voting to make voting more accessible. The introduction of Internet voting is aligned with various other measures designed to facilitate access to voting. Our approach is intended to be cautious and gradual. As with any pilot project, this trial is subject to an agreement between Élections Québec, the Ministère des Affaires municipales et de l’Habitation and the participating municipalities.

Five fundamental principles

Our approach is based on five fundamental principles.

An accessible election system is fair and open to all electors. The right to vote is exercised under consistent conditions, free from discrimination. All electors can exercise this right independently.

Electors can exercise the right to vote without influence or constraint, and with complete freedom and independence of mind, belief, opinion, and will. Internet voting will not replace other voting methods; it represents an additional option.

Voters’ choices remain anonymous. Votes cannot be traced to an individual elector.

Election results properly reflect the will of the electorate. An individual elector can only cast the number of votes allowed by law. The elector’s identity is verified. His or her vote cannot be changed.

Electors and other election stakeholders can monitor the integrity of each step in the voting process. They understand election proceedings and can confirm that effective verification mechanisms are in place.

These principles will guide every step in testing Internet voting.

Outline of the pilot project

The pilot project is based on four main guidelines.

Each municipality will be responsible for its own elections. However, in order to ensure the process operates smoothly and to coordinate efforts, Élections Québec will be responsible for selecting the supplier and for implementing and administering the solution. The chosen digital solution will have to meet a number of security and accessibility requirements.

Electors who will have the option of voting by Internet will also have access to all other voting options. They could therefore choose Internet voting or vote in person.

Internet voting will be offered over two three-day voting periods. During these periods, it will be offered continuously, 24 hours a day. It will not be available on advance polling days or on election day.

Internet voting will be available in certain districts or boroughs of 21 municipalities with populations of 20,000 or more. Some 300,000 voters will be able to try out Internet voting.

Participating municipalities

We will test Internet voting in 21 Québec municipalities. These municipalities have a population of 20,000 or more, they vary in profile, and they are located in 15 different administrative regions of Québec. Therefore, we shall have an overview of the Internet voting experience in different regions.

By offering Internet voting only in certain districts or boroughs of the participating municipalities, we wish to limit the number of electors who can use it in order to take a cautious and gradual approach in this pilot project. The districts and boroughs that will have access to Internet voting will be known by the fall of 2024.

Here are the participating municipalities:

  • Alma
  • Baie-Comeau
  • Belœil
  • Drummondville
  • Gatineau
  • Granby
  • Joliette
  • Laval
  • Lévis
  • Magog
  • Mirabel
  • Montréal
  • Québec
  • Rimouski
  • Rouyn-Noranda
  • Sainte-Julie
  • Saint-Georges
  • Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu
  • Saint-Lazare
  • Terrebonne
  • Trois-Rivières

Call for tenders

On October 16, 2023, Élections Québec issued a call for tenders to acquire an Internet voting solution. To be selected, the solution will have to meet over a hundred requirements relating to features, reliability, accessibility, and cybersecurity. This call for tenders is open to Canadian and international suppliers.

For an overview of our tender requirements, read the news item (in French) we published on this subject.

Study in the Québec context

For more information on Internet voting, see the study (PDF) we released on the topic in June 2020. It discusses voting trials conducted in Canada and elsewhere in the world. The document includes the results of the consultations we conducted in 2019, in which all Quebecers were invited to participate. A summary (PDF) of the study is also available.

Available documents

Call for expressions of interest

Documents related to a call for expressions of interest published in the fall of 2022 to survey the market for businesses specializing in Internet voting.

Documents related to the study

Documents related to the fall 2019 consultation

Documents submitted during the consultation

Most of these documents are in French.

The Charter of the French language and its regulations govern the consultation of English-language content.

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